If 9-15 go to SAS then it seems like the majority of errors are happening over the SAS (SFF8643) cables and controller. I can’t remember from the other thread if there were any BIOS updates available, but if there are applying that would be one thing to try. I think you said in the other thread you applied some updates and they helped but didn’t fix the problem.
Even though this is with SATA drives it’s sounding suspiciously like the other thread and besides your tests, I’d be preparing to try to rule out the cables. Depending on immediacy and response from 45HL support, @Friction can get a set of SFF8643 cables to try to rule that out. Even though the 45HL cables seem to be 10Gtek, the 10Gtek cables sourced elsewhere seemed to fix the problem;
https://www.amazon.com/10Gtek-Internal-SFF-8643-Sideband-0-5-Meter/dp/B01AOS4NE6/ref=sr_1_3
If we think it might be a motherboard issue, you might want to get the Supermicro branded cables. Potentially twice the price, but would help ensure support from Supermicro if it comes to that.
https://store.supermicro.com/supermicro-internal-minisas-hd-50cm-cable-cbl-sast-0532.html
You can always return the cables after testing and RMA’ing the bad ones back to 45HL.
This is the other thread we are referring to;
https://forum.45homelab.com/t/resolved-zfs-write-errors-with-hl15-full-build-and-sas-drives/827